Finance & insurance
The share of jobs within commuting reach of a tract that are in the finance and insurance sector.
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Of all the jobs within commuting reach of a tract, the share located in NAICS sector 52. The twenty sectors together account for the whole reachable pool, so this describes the mix of work available rather than how much of it there is. See Accessible jobs for how the pool is defined.
The Census Bureau defines the sector as comprising "establishments primarily engaged in financial transactions (transactions involving the creation, liquidation, or change in ownership of financial assets) and/or in facilitating financial transactions," and identifies three principal activities: raising funds by taking deposits or issuing securities and lending them on, pooling risk by underwriting insurance and annuities, and providing specialized services that support financial intermediation, insurance and employee benefit programs. Monetary authorities charged with monetary control are included (2022 NAICS definitions).
Employment in this sector arrives in two very different forms. Retail banking and insurance agency branches spread roughly with population and customers, while underwriting, claims processing, asset management and corporate finance concentrate in a small number of office sites. A high share in a dense downtown tract and a high share in a suburban office park usually describe different economies, and the measure does not distinguish them.
Metrics in this family#
Considerations#
Jobs are counted where the work is located, not where workers live. The Bureau defines the place of work as the address the employer reports in its administrative filings, which "may or may not be the actual location that a worker reports to most often," and LODES observes no information about remote work (LODES Design and Methodology Report). Because large carriers and banks operate consolidated processing centers, reported worksites in this sector can be highly concentrated relative to where the work is actually done.
Independent insurance and investment agents operating as self-employed are outside the LODES universe, which covers unemployment-insurance-covered wage and salary jobs.
To protect confidentiality, the Bureau infuses noise into the employer and establishment records behind these counts, keeping a worksite's factor constant across years so that longitudinal change is not distorted. Industry sector is a secondary characteristic in LODES, estimated during that protection rather than carried through directly, so the sector split of a small tract carries more uncertainty than its total job count.
Alaska and Michigan have no workplace files for the two most recent data years, and Puerto Rico is not covered; tracts there carry no value.
References#
- 12022 NAICS definitionshttps://www.census.gov/naics/2022NAICS/2022_NAICS_Descriptions.xlsx
- 2LODES Design and Methodology Reporthttps://www2.census.gov/library/working-papers/2025/adrm/ces/CES-WP-25-52.pdf